1) y'' + 2y' = x - 1
r^2 + 2r = 0
r (r + 2) = 0
r = 0; r = -2
Yоо = C1+C2e^(-2x)
Yчн = Ax + B

2) y'' + 4y' + 4y = e^(-2x)
r^2 + 4r + 4 = 0
r1,2 = -2
Yоо = C1e^(-2x) + C2xe^(-2x)
Yчн = Axe^(-2x)